See arbaz on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "arfr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: arfr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: arfr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "h₃órbʰos"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₃órbʰos",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃erbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃erbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*arbaidiz",
"3": "",
"4": "labor, toil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“labor, toil”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₃órbʰos\nFrom Pre-Germanic *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ-.\nThe inherited meaning \"orphan\" likely gave way to \"worker\", probably from orphans being used for forced labor by their caretakers, which is also implied by the Slavic meaning \"servant, slave\". In this context it is not hard to see a connection with Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“labor, toil”), probably through a verb *arbijaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "arbaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arbōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arbōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arbą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arbaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"working-animal, ox; worker"
],
"id": "en-arbaz-gem-pro-noun-X9vwEY2d",
"links": [
[
"ox",
"ox"
],
[
"worker",
"worker"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑr.βɑz/"
}
],
"word": "arbaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "arfr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: arfr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: arfr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "h₃órbʰos"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₃órbʰos",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃erbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃erbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*arbaidiz",
"3": "",
"4": "labor, toil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“labor, toil”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₃órbʰos\nFrom Pre-Germanic *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ-.\nThe inherited meaning \"orphan\" likely gave way to \"worker\", probably from orphans being used for forced labor by their caretakers, which is also implied by the Slavic meaning \"servant, slave\". In this context it is not hard to see a connection with Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“labor, toil”), probably through a verb *arbijaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "arbaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arbōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arbōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arbą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arbamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arbaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erbʰ-",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₃órbʰos",
"gem-pro:Agriculture",
"gem-pro:Cattle"
],
"glosses": [
"working-animal, ox; worker"
],
"links": [
[
"ox",
"ox"
],
[
"worker",
"worker"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑr.βɑz/"
}
],
"word": "arbaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for arbaz meaning in All languages combined (3.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.